OCG - Health Science 2

Foundation Standard 1: Academic Foundation
Healthcare professionals will know the academic subject matter required for proficiency within their
area. They will use this knowledge as needed in their role. The following accountability criteria are
considered essential for students in a health science program of study.

1. Demonstrate the ability to analyze diagrams, charts, graphs, and tables to interpret
healthcare results.
2. Demonstrate competency in basic math skills and conversions as they relate to healthcare.

a. The Metric System, i.e. centi-, milli-, and kilo-
b. Mathematical (average, ratios, fractions, percentages, addition, subtraction, multiplication, division).
c. Conversions (height, weight/mass, length, volume, temperature, household measurements)
d. Perform mathematical applications to determine vital sign applications and basic
pharmacology equations.

3. Identify basic levels of organization of the human body.

a. Identify the major human body systems and their basic function.

Foundation Standard 2: Communications
Healthcare professionals will know and demonstrate the various methods of giving and obtaining
information. They will communicate effectively, both orally and in writing.

1. Report and identify subjective and objective information.
2. Recognize and interpret elements of written and electronic communication (spelling,
grammar, formatting, and confidentiality).
3. Prepare examples of technical, informative and creative writing.
4. Document, report, and communicate in a straightforward, understandable, accurate, and
timely manner (such as: how to correct errors, read labels, report information and data,
and provide hand-off reports).
5. Apply and practice active speaking and listening skills.
6. Modify communication to meet the needs of the patient/client and be appropriate to
the situation.

Foundation Standard 3: Systems
Healthcare professionals will understand how their role fits into their department, their
organization, and the overall healthcare environment. They will identify how key systems affect
services they perform and quality of care.

1. Explain factors influencing healthcare delivery systems. (Example: Affordable Care Act, aging
populations etc.)

2. Discuss common methods of payment for healthcare to include Medicaid, Medicare,
TRICARE, private insurance, worker’s compensation, etc.
3. Describe responsibilities of consumers within the healthcare system related to
admission, discharge, and follow-up (such as: self-advocacy, patient compliance,
provider and consumer obligations).
4. Assess and explain the impact of emerging issues such as technology, epidemiology,
genetics, bioethics, and socioeconomics on healthcare delivery systems.

Foundation Standard 4: Employability Skills
Healthcare professionals will understand and utilize employability skills to enhance their
employment opportunities and job satisfaction. They will demonstrate key employability skills,
and will maintain and upgrade skills, as needed.

1. Participate in job-based scenarios (role play, case studies, job shadowing) that allow for
application of personal traits, attitudes, and employability skills desirable in a member of
the healthcare team. (such as: dealing with the tardy employee, satisfying the unhappy
patient, conflict resolution with a fellow team member)
2. Demonstrate process and strategies for obtaining and retaining employment. (proper use
of social media, personal networking, soft skills, job sites, internships).
3. Develop and expand components of a personal portfolio (letter of introduction,
resume, healthcare project, writing sample, work-based learning, oral presentation,
service learning, credentials, technology, and leadership experience).
4. Showcase personal traits, attitudes, and employability skills desirable in a member of the
healthcare team through participation in healthcare work-based learning experiences
(guest speakers, virtual tours, job shadowing, virtual job shadowing, blood drives,
community service projects, HOSA, etc.).
5. Expand upon components of a personal portfolio (letter of introduction, resume,
healthcare project, writing sample, work-based learning, oral presentation, service
learning, credentials, technology, and leadership experience).
6. Demonstrate professional and leadership skills by participating in experiences through
HOSA. (whether as a member or as a participant in a HOSA sponsored event)

Foundation Standard 5: Legal Responsibilities
Healthcare professionals will understand and describe the legal responsibilities, limitations,
and implications of their actions within the healthcare delivery setting. They will perform their
duties according to regulations, policies, laws, and legislated rights of clients.

1. Explain practices that could result in malpractice, liability, and/or negligence (to include
civil law, criminal law, torts, and contracts.) Summarize laws governing harassment,
labor, and scope of practice.

2. Apply procedures for accurate documentation and record keeping (for example, legally
correcting errors on medical records, etc.)
3. Describe and apply standards for safety, privacy, and confidentiality of the Health
Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA privileged communication).
4. Describe advance directives, informed consent and explore the Patient’s and Residents
Bill of Rights.

Foundation Standard 6: Ethics
Healthcare professionals will understand accepted ethical practices with respect to cultural, social,
and ethnic differences within the healthcare environment. They will perform quality healthcare
delivery.

1. Differentiate between ethical and legal issues impacting healthcare.

a. Recognize and identify ethical and legal issues and their implications related to
healthcare (such as organ donation, in vitro fertilization, euthanasia, scope of practice,
ethics committee, etc.)

2. Discuss bioethical issues related to healthcare.
3. Apply ethical behaviors in healthcare including personal, professional, and organizational
ethics.
4. Discuss and utilize procedures for reporting activities and behaviors that affect health,
safety, and welfare of others (such as an incident report)
5. Identify stages of death and dying.

Foundation Standard 7: Safety Practices
Healthcare professionals will understand and be able to identify the existing and potential
hazards to clients, coworkers, and self. They will prevent injury or illness through safe work
practices and follow health and safety policies and procedures.

1. Differentiate methods of controlling the spread and growth of microorganisms. (aseptic vs.
sterile technique, antisepsis, disinfection, sterilization, standard vs. transmission-based
precautions, and blood-borne pathogens)
2. Apply principles of body mechanics and patient safety during transfers, ambulation, and
positioning.
3. Apply standard precautions as described in the rules and regulations set forth by the
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) and Centers for Disease Control
(CDC).

Foundation Standard 8: Teamwork
Healthcare professionals will understand and identify the roles and responsibilities of
individual members as part of the healthcare team, including their ability to promote the delivery of quality healthcare. They will interact effectively and sensitively with all members
of the healthcare team.

1. Act responsibly as a team member, including gaining practice employing leadership skills when
acting as team leader.
2. Collaborate with others to formulate team objectives and accomplish team goals utilizing the
characteristics of effective teamwork.
3. Apply effective techniques for managing team conflict.
4. Apply principles of teamwork.

Foundation Standard 9: Health Maintenance Practices
Healthcare professionals will understand and be able to differentiate between the fundamentals of
wellness and the prevention of disease processes. They will practice and promote disease
prevention and model healthy behaviors.
** THIS STANDARD IS COVERED HS 1.

Foundation Standard 10: Technical Skills
Healthcare professionals will apply technical skills required for all career specialties. They will
demonstrate skills and knowledge as appropriate.

1. Demonstrate procedures for measuring and recording vital signs (temperature, pulse,
respirations, blood pressure, pain, and height/weight) including recognition of normal
ranges , data interpretation, reporting of abnormal values, and documentation of values
received.
2. Apply skills to obtain Heartsaver or BLS training or certification in adult, child, and
infant cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and automated external defibrillator
(AED).
3. Demonstrate First Aid skills for recommended certification.
4. Demonstrate Special Health Care Skills as needed in the medical field for several different
career paths, such as, but not limited to, Laboratory, Dental, Medical Assisting, Nurse
Assisting, Physical Therapy, Patient Care Technician , Allied Health occupations or Office
Management/Business and Accounting. The specific skills and care paths chosen may differ
as to the teacher’s professional certification area. (See additional skill example addendum).

Foundation Standard 11: Information Technology Applications
Healthcare professionals will apply technology skills required for all career specialties. They will
demonstrate use as appropriate to healthcare applications.

1. Identify records and files common to the healthcare setting including electronic health
record - EHR).

a. Identify and differentiate types and content of health records (including EHR) , i.e. patient, pharmacy, laboratory radiology, etc.
b. Recognize technology applications in healthcare including file storage.

2. Create documentation in the health record (EHR/MHR) that reflects timeliness,
completeness, and accuracy while adhering to information systems policies and
procedures at the local, state, and national and organizational level

a. Use health record data collection tools (such as input screens, document templates)
b. Understand the principle and demonstrate the appropriate methods to correct
inaccurate information/errors personally entered into EHR/MHR, such as adding,
clarifying, and correcting information.

3. Explore different types of health record data collection tools such as patient monitoring
equipment, telemedicine, phone application, and medical wearable devices).
4. Identify common policies and procedures for proper access, disclosure and protection of
personal information such as: passwords, administrative safeguards, database security.

a. Apply fundamentals of privacy and confidentiality policies and procedures (HIPAA).
b. Identify legal and regulatory requirements related to the use of personal health
information (such as: Health Information Technology Act [HITECH Act], American Recovery
and Reinvestment Act [ARRA]).
c. Describe consequences of inappropriate use of health data in terms of disciplinary action.